Citation: Kamel MG, Nam NT, Han NHB, El-Shabouny A-E, Makram A-EM, Abd-Elhay FA-E, et al. (2017) Post-dengue acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: A case report and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11(6): e0005715. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005715
Published: June 30, 2017
Abstract
Background: Dengue is one of the most common infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to systematically review acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and to represent a new case.
Methodology/Principal findings: We searched for articles in nine databases for case reports, series or previous reviews reporting ADEM cases in human. We used Fisher’s exact and Mann-Whitney U tests. Classification trees were used to find the predictors of the disease outcomes. We combined findings using fixed- and random-effects models. A 13-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital due to fever. She has a urinary retention. The neurological examinations revealed that she became lethargic and quadriplegic. She had upper limbs weakness and lower limbs complete paraplegia. Her status gradually improved after the treatment. She was nearly intact with the proximal part of her legs had a mild weakness in discharge. The prevalence of ADEM among dengue patients was 0.4% [95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 0.1–2.5%], all neurological disorders among dengue was 2.6% [95% CI 1.8–3.8%], and ADEM among neurological disorders was 6.8% [95% CI 3.4–13%]. The most frequent manifestation of ADEM was altered sensorium/consciousness (58%), seizures and urination problems (35%), vision problems (31%), slurred speech (23%), walk problems (15%) then ataxia (12%). There was a significant difference between cases having complete recovery or bad outcomes in the onset day of neurological manifestations being earlier and in temperature being higher in cases having bad outcomes (p-value < 0.05). This was confirmed by classification trees which included these two variables.
Conclusions/Significance: The prevalence of ADEM among dengue and other dengue-related neurological disorders is not too rare. The high fever of ADEM cases at admission and earlier onset day of neurological manifestations are associated with the bad outcomes.
Author summary: We presented a 13-year-old girl of ADEM following dengue infection. She was totally alert and had a low grade of fever with no focal neurologic deficits, on admission. We revealed that the prevalence of either ADEM or all neurological disorders among dengue patients was not too rare. Moreover, we found that the most common manifestation of ADEM was altered sensorium/consciousness followed by seizures and urination problems then vision problems. These manifestations should be considered in the diagnosis and management of dengue-infected patients. Also, this requires shedding the light on the total global cases of ADEM from the annual incidence of dengue. The onset of ADEM can be early or late after dengue infection. Hence, clinicians should pay attention that it can be early or late that patients can forget about their fevers. Moreover, the onset day of neurological manifestations and patients’ temperature were significantly associated with the disease outcome.
...
Log in or register for free to continue reading
Register Now For Free
Already Registered? Log In
indicates a Peer-Reviewed Article
Post-Dengue Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis: A Case Report and Meta-Analysis
Citation: Kamel MG, Nam NT, Han NHB, El-Shabouny A-E, Makram A-EM, Abd-Elhay FA-E, et al. (2017) Post-dengue acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: A case report and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11(6): e0005715. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005715
Published: June 30, 2017
Abstract
Background: Dengue is one of the most common infectious diseases. The aim of this study was to systematically review acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and to represent a new case.
Methodology/Principal findings: We searched for articles in nine databases for case reports, series or previous reviews reporting ADEM cases in human. We used Fisher’s exact and Mann-Whitney U tests. Classification trees were used to find the predictors of the disease outcomes. We combined findings using fixed- and random-effects models. A 13-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital due to fever. She has a urinary retention. The neurological examinations revealed that she became lethargic and quadriplegic. She had upper limbs weakness and lower limbs complete paraplegia. Her status gradually improved after the treatment. She was nearly intact with the proximal part of her legs had a mild weakness in discharge. The prevalence of ADEM among dengue patients was 0.4% [95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 0.1–2.5%], all neurological disorders among dengue was 2.6% [95% CI 1.8–3.8%], and ADEM among neurological disorders was 6.8% [95% CI 3.4–13%]. The most frequent manifestation of ADEM was altered sensorium/consciousness (58%), seizures and urination problems (35%), vision problems (31%), slurred speech (23%), walk problems (15%) then ataxia (12%). There was a significant difference between cases having complete recovery or bad outcomes in the onset day of neurological manifestations being earlier and in temperature being higher in cases having bad outcomes (p-value < 0.05). This was confirmed by classification trees which included these two variables.
Conclusions/Significance: The prevalence of ADEM among dengue and other dengue-related neurological disorders is not too rare. The high fever of ADEM cases at admission and earlier onset day of neurological manifestations are associated with the bad outcomes.
Author summary: We presented a 13-year-old girl of ADEM following dengue infection. She was totally alert and had a low grade of fever with no focal neurologic deficits, on admission. We revealed that the prevalence of either ADEM or all neurological disorders among dengue patients was not too rare. Moreover, we found that the most common manifestation of ADEM was altered sensorium/consciousness followed by seizures and urination problems then vision problems. These manifestations should be considered in the diagnosis and management of dengue-infected patients. Also, this requires shedding the light on the total global cases of ADEM from the annual incidence of dengue. The onset of ADEM can be early or late after dengue infection. Hence, clinicians should pay attention that it can be early or late that patients can forget about their fevers. Moreover, the onset day of neurological manifestations and patients’ temperature were significantly associated with the disease outcome.
...