By: Dr. Dheeraj V. Mulchandani and Dr. M. M. Begani
A 40 year old fisherwoman presented to our day care surgery with her complaints of a slowly progressive swelling originating over the inside of her left cheek. It was relatively... Read more »

By: Dr. Sunitha Gadudasu and Dr. J. Gnanaraj
Everyone loves a smile with milk white teeth. Unfortunately our teeth do get stained and a variety of... Read more »

By: Dr. J. Gnanaraj and Dr. Bipin Kumar
Recently within a week 17 children presented with ulcers in the mouth, foot and hands that prevented them from eating and some had fever at presentation. All of them were from... Read more »

By: Dr. J. Gnanaraj and Dr. Linda Sailo
The two Mullerian ducts join together to form the Uterus during embryogenesis. During the early stages there is a partition that dissolves later and sometimes the partition persist... Read more »

By: Dr. J. Gnanaraj, H.Charles Richard M.P.T. and Dr. Sunitha Gadudasu
Trigeminal Neuralgia is a condition that can cause excruciating pain and could be very debilitating because of the chronic nature... Read more »

By: Dr. J. Gnanaraj and J. Regina Jeyaseeli, Bsc Nursing
A Fistula in Ano is a connection between peri–anal skin and anal canal through a tortuous tract lined by granulation tissue and epithelial cells... Read more »

By: Dr. J. Gnanaraj and Dr. Sunitha Gadudasu
Progeria is also called HGPS syndrome [Hutchinson – Gilford Progeria syndrome]. It is an extremely rare genetic disorder which makes people age rapidly... Read more »

By: Dr. P. Lal Arora
I have known of an 80 years old business man in India who started with memory loss a couple of years ago and was diagnosed with... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 24 years old female presented with inability to rise, walk or move her waist/lower body parts suddenly for just one month incidentally following... Read more »

By: Dr. J. Gnanaraj, Mr. L. R. Bravin, Mr. Wise Jacob, Regina and Tamilvannan
Negative Pressure Wound therapy [NPWT] has been in use since the early nineties for treating non healing wounds. It decreased the edema, improves circulation and neo-vascularization, granulation... Read more »

By: Dr. J. Gnanaraj and Mr. W. Jacob
Mr. S is a known diabetic patient who came to the hospital with septicemia. He had a coronary artery bypass carried out in 2007 and noticed a non-healing wound in the... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
Cysticercus cellulosae is caused by the larval form of Taenia solium, or pork tapeworm. Humans can get the adult worm in the intestine by consuming... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
In the last one year, I have done 70 Tru-Cut biopsies of prostate, all having raised PSA levels. Forty out of them were diagnosed with... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A few months back, a 9-year-old boy presented with chronic ill-health, loss of appetite, loss of weight, severe anemia, mild thrombocytopenia and occasional fever. He also had hepatosplenomegaly. A routine hemogram reported... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 69-year-old male presented with urinary obstruction for 6 months and bilateral testicular pain for 9 months. Gradually the severity increased so that he needed permanent supra-pubic catheterization, due to severe... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 48-year-old male presented with proptosis and ethmoid sinus mass, epistaxis and bilateral nasal block for 4 years, in 2009. Lateral rhinostomy was performed, and the biopsy report came as granulomatous inflammation, possibly fungal infection. Within one year, the patient developed loss of... Read more »

By Dr. Swapan Samanta
BCG vaccination is believed to give some protection against tuberculosis, and for this reason, the Universal Immunization Program includes this vaccine. However, recently I had a very sad experience while dealing with a case of disseminated tuberculosis; better to say that the little baby’s body was just converted into packets full of AFB! In the course of investigation, we found that... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 21-year-old female presented with fever, bilateral cervical tender lymphadenopathy, skin rashes and headache for 7 days. High ESR and neutrophilic leucocytosis were noted. Mantoux test was negative. Chest X-ray was normal. FNAC from one of the lymph nodes yielded thick pus-like material. The smears were full of... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 64-year-old female presented with ascites, loss of weight, loss of appetite and severe weakness for the last 3 years. Upper and lower GI endoscopic findings were within normal limits. Macrocytic hypochromic anemia, elevated ESR, massive hepatomegaly and moderate spenomegaly were found, but no... Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani
A 44-year-old male arrived for a routine office visit as part of an annual health check-up. His BMI was 26, and he had nothing particular in his history. But, on detailed questioning, he complained of chest pain on the left side of the upper chest and occasional difficulty in swallowing. Read more »

By Dr. Swapan Samanta
Pulmonary hamartomas are rare, benign lesions of the lung and may be multiple in number. Recently, a 14-year-old girl presented with clinical symptoms of tuberculosis, and after transthoracic biopsy, the diagnosis was confirmed as... Read more »

By Dr. Swapan Samanta and Dr. Malay Acharyya
Due to universal immunization, cases of diphtheria are rare now-a-days. Recently a 12-year-old male with incomplete vaccination history presented with a fever, sore throat and “bull-neck.” Investigations confirmed the diagnosis of... Read more »

By: Dr. Moushumi Lodh, Dr. Abhishek Mukherjee and Dr. Ratnadeep Ganguly
Our patient, a twenty-two-year-old was brought to the emergency department of our hospital with a history of unconsciousness and sudden fall. Her pupils were responding sluggishly, and she was not able to move her right limbs when she arrived in the emergency department, although her left limbs were showing spontaneous... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 34-year-old woman underwent an operation for recurrent appendicitis. She was suffering from frequent pain and a vague lump feeling in the right iliac fossa region for the last... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 74-year-old male presented with a painful swelling for the last 3 months, along with dyschezia, dysuria and bloody stools. The lesion measured about 4 cm in diameter, and it was... Read more »

By: Dr. Moushumi Lodh
Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide, and vitamin D deficiency is a major global health issue. We present here the case of an 11-year-old boy with coexistent iron and vitamin D deficiency manifested as tiredness, leg cramps and a lack of visible weight gain over the last year. Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani
A 70-year-old male presented to the ER with giddiness & presyncope for the past two hours. He was also having difficulty in breathing. No other history was known, except that he was diabetic. Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani
Patient Profile: Age: 50, Sex: Male, History: Nothing particular, Presenting complaints: Multiple migrating joint pains, feeling tired since 1 week. Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 74-year-old male presented with a subcutaneous small cystic subcutaneous nodule, just medial to the right shoulder joint, measuring 2.5 cm in diameter. An attempt to excise the nodule resulted in partial removal, rupture and secondary infection, resulting in... Read more »

By: Dr. Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Myositis ossificans involving the masseter muscle is rather rare. This condition is characterized by dystrophic calcification and heterotopic ossification of intramuscular connective tissue. Masticatory muscles are... Read more »

By: Dr. Somprakas Basu
We report a case of cecal cancer in an obese policeman, who presented with recurrent deep venous thrombosis and unexplained anemia. The deep venous thrombosis was thought to be due to long hours of standing (professional hazard) and obesity. Investigations for thrombophilia came back ... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 45-year-old male presented with loss of appetite and weight loss for last 6 months. He gradually developed jaundice (bilirubin 8.6 mg%; 90% unconjugated) and... Read more »

By: Dr. Dheeraj V. Mulchandani
Many people with ascites secondary to liver disease have undergone paracentesis for symptomatic relief, for breathing difficulty due to their greatly increased abdominal girth preventing respiratory movements. A 43-year-old male, a known case of liver cirrhosis with... Read more »

By: Dr. Valluri Ramarao
A 30-year-old male who had diabetes for a year and a half attended my clinic and had other co-morbid conditions like hypertension, hypothyroid and hypogonadism. Clinically, his appearance fits in to... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 43–year-old woman presented with polyuria polydipsia (PUPD), amenorrhea and galactorrhea for the last 2 years. Investigations revealed central diabetes insipidus, elevated... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 24-year–old, otherwise healthy male presented with numbness and pain in both lower limbs for the past two... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 38-year-old female presented with recurrent epistaxis for the last 11 months. Rhinoscopy revealed a right nasal polyp of... Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani
A 35-year-old female patient presented at the family physician’s clinic at midnight, with sudden onset dyspnoea for about the past hour. She had a ... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 50-year-old post-menopausal woman presented with post-menopausal bleeding, poor health, weight loss, fever and abdomino-pelvic discomfort for the last 6 months. Clinically, she appeared to be suffering from... Read more »

By: Dr. J. Gnanaraj
The patient is a 54-year-old farmer from a rural area near Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu. He had a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus 3 years ago, and he is taking oral hypoglycemic agents.... Read more »

By: Dr. Subhranshu Mandal
The enterobacteriaceae family, especially non-typhoidal salmonella, as the etiological agent for pyogenic meningitis in infants is scarce. Most reports of S. typhimurium meningeal infection are confined to neonates. Read more »

By: Dr. Gaurav Gupta
Homeopathic medicine is traditionally considered to be one of the safest systems of medicine, as the drugs are made from the dilution of the active ingredients [1]. However, there is certain evidence available that supports the fact that homeopathic medicines can cause severe adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in children [2,3]. It is very important to... Read more »

By: Dr. Rajesh Sarkar
This study examined students coming out of 12th grade and entering professional college in the age range of 18 to 21 years. The transition from school to professional college in itself is a hectic process, involving the need for students to study day and night in order to perform well on the required entrance exams..... Read more »

By: Dr. Rajesh Sarkar
With careful assessment, it can be found that diabetic patients who are noncompliant with their treatment, as evident by rising HbA1c levels, are usually also depressed. Lack of energy, appetite, concentration and motivation are some of the significant factors, which can lead to missing.... Read more »

By: Dr. Kasim Kolakkadan
Pneumonia has been recognized by the medical profession since ancient times. It is one of the leading causes of infectious deaths in the West and cause of considerable mortality and morbidity in our part of the world. Diagnosis is mostly based on... Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani
A 40-year-old male patient presented with retrosternal pain and perspiration that was occurring for the past hour. He had mild chest pain a couple days prior. An ECG was done, and results were normal... Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani
A male patient, age 36, visited me for routine seasonal ailments. He was found to have swelling, large in size, in the submental region. Upon detailed investigations... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
The occurrence of tuberculosis with adenocarcinoma is rare, but it has been observed by many. This association has been debated extensively in the literature [1-3]. Here I present a case with similar association, where extended right hemicolectomy was performed, and the diagnosis came only ... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
Biphenotypic blast crisis is not so common. If chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CML) is undetected, and the patient first presents with features of acute leukemia, it is difficult to distinguish it from acute myelomonocytic leukemia. I recently dealt with ... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
The non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have become significant opportunistic pathogens recently, and occur in epidemic proportions in some centers. For example, atypical mycobacterial infections are a frequent problem found at the ... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative granulomatous inflammatory disease caused by different Actinomyces species, mainly Actinomyces israelii. It is an anaerobic gram-positive bacteria. The intra-abdominal location of this infection is ... Read more »

By: Dr. Gaurav Gupta
This is the first evidence of nimesulide toxicity in an Indian child as reported by Dr. Gaurav Gupta, working in collaboration with the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER).... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
Hydatid cyst disease, also known as Echinococcosis, is a zoonotic infection that can affect any organ and tissue but is most often found in the liver or lungs. It is most common in rural areas, where patients have close contact with ... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
Fungal infections are very common in India, especially tenia pedis and other superficial fungal infections. Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous infective disease of the skin and related tissues... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
Incidental carcinoma of the renal pelvis is a rather common radiological finding with hydronephrotic kidneys or kidneys with renal stones; but it is extremely rare to detect carcinoma of the renal pelvis in such cases. I have recently reported one such case. So clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists should be aware of... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
Endometriosis is a well-recognized gynecological condition in the reproductive age group. Literature on appendiceal endometriosis, which is a rare condition, is inadequate. The presentation to general surgeons may be atypical and pose diagnostic difficulty. Thus, a thorough history, gynecological assessment, radiology and serology may... Read more »

By: Dr. Pravin Gore
Surgery for hemorrhoids or piles will leave a wound at each of the removed pile areas. This usually takes a few weeks to heal, thereby causing pain, bleeding and discomfort for the patient. With the advancement in technologies, stapler surgery for hemorrhoids or piles has been... Read more »

By: Dr. Swapan Samanta
A 47-year-old female presented with recent weight loss, loss of appetite and general weakness. Left supraclavicular nodules were palpable and aspiration smears were inconclusive. Trucut biopsy from the lesion confirmed... Read more »

By: Dr. Rajesh Sarkar
I was greatly touched by the sufferings of my patients from chronic pain. I believe patients get involved in a cycle: inactivity or sedentary life style leads to obesity, stiffness of joints, and some may develop osteoarthritis with aging and a progressive increase in pain with movement, then the patient tends to become... Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani, MBBS, PGDMCH
Renal cell carcinoma is the most common type of kidney cancer in adults. Renal cell carcinoma may remain clinically occult for most of its course. Only 10% of patients present with the classic triad of flank pain, haematuria, and flank mass. The treatment options for renal cell cancer are surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, or... Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani, MBBS, PGDMCH
Vitamin B12 deficiency is widely prevalent now a days. It is prevalent across gender and age, and it is also more prevalent in vegetarians. Vitamin B12 deficiency causes weakness, easy fatigability, tingling in limbs, at times impaired memory, and... Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani, MBBS, PGDMCH
Sudden increase in blood pressure at times can be dangerous. It can lead to bleeding anywhere in the body. Smooth control of blood pressure is a must for all. Regular monitoring is also mandatory. In this patient, a stable CKD patient, possible sudden increase in blood pressure lead to intracranial... Read more »

By: Dr. Pragnesh Vachharajani, MBBS, PGDMCH
Any lump in the chest or axilla should be examined properly. Especially in females, breast examination is a must when an axillary lump is found. Even if tests are found negative for anything, regular screening is a must. All females above 40 years of age should be subjected to mammography at least... Read more »