Summary
The enterobacteriaceae family, especially non-typhoidal salmonella, as the etiological agent for pyogenic meningitis in infants is scarce. Most reports of S. typhimurium meningeal infection are confined to neonates. An instance of S. typhimurium meningitis in a 1-month and 16-day-old infant is being reported for the first time from the eastern part of India.
Background
Meningitis is a condition where the meninges – the protective membranes of the brain and spinal cord – become inflamed. Haemophilus influenzae type b, pneumococcus, and meningococcus are well-known to cause pyogenic meningitis in children outside the neonatal period , and they also cause about 85% of total cases of neonatal pyogenic meningitis(1).
In 1908, the first case of Salmonella meningitis was reported by Ghon. Salmonella causes less than 1% of cases of bacterial meningitis in infants, (2,3) but these cases are more likely to have complications, relapse, or high mortality, compared to those with E. coli or another typical bacterium. (4) Very few cases caused by Salmonella have been reported, but nearly all of them occur in neonates5,6). Very scanty reports of meningitis are available beyond the neonatal period, especially from the eastern part of India. This particular case is reported on account of its utmost rarity.
Case Presentation
An infant at one month and 16 days old was admitted with the history of fever and repeated convulsions throughout the day. There was no history of diarrhea before the convulsions. The incidence of repeated convulsions per day was pretty alarming.
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