Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease that results in the loss of an estimated 1 million disability-adjusted life years annually in South East Asia [1]; it is typically fatal if untreated. VL predominantly affects the poorest strata of society and those with limited access to care [2]. The incidence is estimated to be between 146,700 and 282,800 cases per year [3].
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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as Kala-azar, is a protozoan parasitic disease transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. It is estimated that in 2004 a total of 1,071,743 disability-adjusted life years were lost to VL in South East Asia alone [1]; if left untreated the disease is fatal. India contributes the highest number of VL cases worldwide and in 2011 reported 33,187 cases, of which 76% originated in Bihar state [2].
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Epidemiological reports have shown that the incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide [1]. Cancer is the disease in which there is a deregulation of cell proliferation and cell death. In cancerous cells, endogenous signal transduction pathways get disturbed to redirect the cellular decisions from differentiation and apoptosis to proliferation and, later, invasion [2].
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Introduction Upper respiratory tract infection (URI) is one of the most commonly occurring infections in children, not only in India, but across the general population. It is believed to be one of the most common reasons for visits to a physician, as well as absenteeism from school, in Indian children….
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Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is established as a major risk factor for overweight and obesity, as well as an array of cardio-metabolic conditions, especially type 2 diabetes [1],[2]. The individual risk of type 2 diabetes attributable to SSB consumption remains statistically significant after adjustment for total energy consumption and body mass index (BMI) [3],[4].
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By: Dr. Rajesh Sarkar
This study examined students coming out of 12th grade and entering professional college in the age range of 18 to 21 years. The transition from school to professional college in itself is a hectic process, involving the need for students to study day and night in order to perform well on the required entrance exams…..
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Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis following treatment with 20 mg/kg liposomal amphotericin B (Ambisome) for primary visceral leishmaniasis in Bihar, India
The skin condition post Kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) usually develops following treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which is caused by the protozoa Leishmania donovani. Although cases of PKDL have been described in patients not previously diagnosed with or treated for VL, up to 10% of patients with VL in the Indian subcontinent go onto develop PKDL following treatment for symptomatic VL [1].
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